Holden effect (is the Holden effect the same as Haldane effect)

vice versaHolden effectThis is called the Holden effect, and the meaning is the sameHolden effectpartial pressure of carbon dioxideHolden effect, at lower oxygen saturationHolden effect, the result of this effect is higher CCO2 despite the fact thatHolden effect; Holden effect Hemoglobin carries carbon dioxide in the form of a carbamoyl compound According to the Holden effect, when oxyhemoglobin levels increase, the carbon dioxide dissociation curve shifts to the right.

Holden effect, but it may also reflect the vasoconstriction effect caused by hyperoxia, which in turn causes damage to microcirculation blood flow. The second confounding factor is the presence of respiration;1 In the upper part of the oxygen dissociation curve,"the change of PO2 has little effect on Hb oxygen saturation" 2 The higher the PO2 in the Co2 dissociation curve, the lower the CO2 content, the Holden effect 3 The increase in alveolar ventilation changes PO2 and PCO2, so it does not contribute to the uptake of O2, but contributes to the excretion of CO2.

Due to the existence of potential differences, the depolarizing potential 7 is formed by the external flow of the child. The current generated in the adjacent parts of the action potential is called the local current 8. Polarization. Generally, when a stable resting potential exists, the cell membrane potential is positive outside and negative inside. The state is called polarization 9 depolarization The process of reducing the resting potential is called depolarization 10. If the membrane potential further becomes positive after depolarization to zero potential, it is called depolarization 11; 5 The Holden effect The combination of O2 and Hb can promote the release of C02. This phenomenon is called the Holden effect; the Holden effect can promote the release of carbon dioxide. Hb is weak and easy to combine with CO2 to form HbNHCOOH. It is also easy to combine with hydrogen ions, dissociating H2CO3 and producing hydrogen ion; According to the Holden effect, after hemoglobin is oxygenated in the lungs, its binding and carrying capacity with carbon dioxide is reduced, thus releasing carbon dioxide. However, due to the patient's ventilation, it is still preserved; The answer is the Holden effect. The combination of O2 and Hb can promote the release of CO2. This phenomenon is called the Holden effect.

The combination of O2 and Hb promotes the release of CO2, and the combination of hemoglobin promotes the release of carbon dioxide. Deoxygenated hemoglobin easily combines with carbon dioxide. This phenomenon is called the Holden effect; the factor affecting CO2 transport The Holden effect of O2 on CO2, the combination of Hb and O2 can promote the release of CO2, while the Hb after releasing O2 can easily combine with CO2; This phenomenon is called the Holden effect. HbO2 is highly acidic and does not easily bind to CO2. 51 In tissues, HbO2 releases O2 and becomes Hb, which promotes blood uptake through the Holden effect.

The Holden Effect is a psychological phenomenon. The Holden Effect refers to that when people are faced with a complex problem or task, they often overestimate their abilities and think that they can solve it easily. However, when they really start to try to solve this problem, they often find that their abilities are not enough to cope with it, which leads to a blow to their self-confidence. The cause of the Holden Effect may be related to people's overconfidence in their own abilities. 1 In the upper part of the oxygen dissociation curve,"The change of PO2 has little effect on Hb oxygen saturation". 2 The higher the PO2 in the Co2 dissociation curve, the lower the CO2 content. Holden effect. 3. The increase in alveolar ventilation is the change of PO2 and PCO2, so it does not contribute to the uptake of O2, but contributes to the excretion of CO2. Reference data p154; Holden effect refers to O? Lower partial pressure will cause CO? The release amount is reduced, that is, O? The dissociation of O? The dissociation curve shifts to the left. There is a mucus layer about 0.5 mm thick on the surface of the gastric mucosa. This mucus layer is gel-like and contains a large amount of HCO. Together with the HCO secreted by the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa, it forms the "mucus bicarbonate barrier", which can effectively protect the gastric mucosa from being protected from the disease.